Consumption changes

Compare observed card activity by industry at matching days and hours.

Seoul / Shinhan domestic-card payments · observed 10-minute meansNot total sales or foreign spending

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How comparisons work

Duplicates share the same district, source clock and industry. Only common calendar-day/hour bins with published values are matched; means of observed 10-minute windows receive equal hourly weight. Missing or unpublished values are not filled with zero. A zero previous mean has no percentage change. An incomplete month includes completed dates only. Partial averages are never summed into monthly total sales. Industry lists follow retained data.

Sources & collection status